Volcano-tectonic structures of Mayotte’s upper submarine slope: insights from high-resolution bathymetry and in-situ imagery from a deep-towed camera
Valentine Puzenat
(1)
,
Nathalie Feuillet
(1)
,
Jean-Christophe Komorowski
(2)
,
Javier Escartín
(3)
,
Christine Deplus
(2)
,
Patrick Bachèlery
(4)
,
Carole Berthod
(4)
,
Lucia Gurioli
(4)
,
Carla Scalabrin
(5)
,
Cécile Cathalot
(5)
,
Emmanuel Rinnert
(5)
,
Benoît Loubrieu
(5)
,
Delphine Pierre
(5)
,
Mathilde Pitel-Roudaut
(5)
,
Nina Tanguy
(5)
,
Yves Fouquet
(5)
,
Stephan J Jorry
(5)
,
Elodie Lebas
(2)
,
Fabien Paquet
(6)
,
Isabelle Thinon
(6)
Nathalie Feuillet
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 882791
- IdHAL : nathalie-feuillet
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6497-817X
- IdRef : 154134031
Jean-Christophe Komorowski
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 752377
- IdHAL : jean-christophe-komorowski
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6874-786X
- IdRef : 164296913
Elodie Lebas
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1213268
- IdHAL : elodie-lebas
- ORCID : 0000-0003-1617-143X
Résumé
Unlike subaerial volcanic activity, deep submarine eruptions are difficult to detect, observe and monitor. The objective of this paper is to describe a large and complex volcanic region, named the Horseshoe area, recently discovered at 1500 m below sea level on the eastern upper submarine slope of Mayotte Island. The area is crucial because, since 2018, it has experienced an exceptionally deep seismic activity associated with the ongoing submarine eruption that formed a new volcanic edifice, Fani Maoré, about 40 km to the east. We present the results of a multiscale study, based on high-resolution bathymetry and in-situ seafloor observations carried out with autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and deep-towed camera systems. In-situ imagery provides ground-truth for the geological interpretation of seafloor textures mapped with the bathymetry. The combination of both datasets allows us to discuss the nature of the volcanic structures and to propose a relative chronology of previous eruptive events in the Horseshoe area. Based on our analyses, we propose the following chronology: (a) the emplacement of a large explosive volcanic cone, the Horseshoe edifice, (b) the later collapse of this edifice that resulted in the formation of an elongated, 2 km wide horseshoe-shaped depression, crosscutting older hummocky lava flows, (c) the development of an E–W eruptive fissure associated with numerous explosive craters, east of the Horseshoe edifice, and (d) late volcanism emanating from the rim of the horseshoe-shaped depression that fed elongated thin lava flows both towards and away from the depression. While all volcanic features mapped at the Horseshoe area were emplaced prior to the 2018 eruption, our study shows that this region has still been volcanically active in the recent past. Our results thus document a complex geological history at small spatial scales involved in the construction of major submarine edifices, and that are controlled by volcano-tectonic processes at larger scales.
Domaines
Planète et Univers [physics]Format du dépôt | Fichier |
---|---|
Type de dépôt | Article dans une revue |
Titre |
en
Volcano-tectonic structures of Mayotte’s upper submarine slope: insights from high-resolution bathymetry and in-situ imagery from a deep-towed camera
|
Résumé |
en
Unlike subaerial volcanic activity, deep submarine eruptions are difficult to detect, observe and monitor. The objective of this paper is to describe a large and complex volcanic region, named the Horseshoe area, recently discovered at 1500 m below sea level on the eastern upper submarine slope of Mayotte Island. The area is crucial because, since 2018, it has experienced an exceptionally deep seismic activity associated with the ongoing submarine eruption that formed a new volcanic edifice, Fani Maoré, about 40 km to the east. We present the results of a multiscale study, based on high-resolution bathymetry and in-situ seafloor observations carried out with autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and deep-towed camera systems. In-situ imagery provides ground-truth for the geological interpretation of seafloor textures mapped with the bathymetry. The combination of both datasets allows us to discuss the nature of the volcanic structures and to propose a relative chronology of previous eruptive events in the Horseshoe area. Based on our analyses, we propose the following chronology: (a) the emplacement of a large explosive volcanic cone, the Horseshoe edifice, (b) the later collapse of this edifice that resulted in the formation of an elongated, 2 km wide horseshoe-shaped depression, crosscutting older hummocky lava flows, (c) the development of an E–W eruptive fissure associated with numerous explosive craters, east of the Horseshoe edifice, and (d) late volcanism emanating from the rim of the horseshoe-shaped depression that fed elongated thin lava flows both towards and away from the depression. While all volcanic features mapped at the Horseshoe area were emplaced prior to the 2018 eruption, our study shows that this region has still been volcanically active in the recent past. Our results thus document a complex geological history at small spatial scales involved in the construction of major submarine edifices, and that are controlled by volcano-tectonic processes at larger scales.
|
Auteur(s) |
Valentine Puzenat
1
, Nathalie Feuillet
1
, Jean-Christophe Komorowski
2
, Javier Escartín
3
, Christine Deplus
2
, Patrick Bachèlery
4
, Carole Berthod
4
, Lucia Gurioli
4
, Carla Scalabrin
5
, Cécile Cathalot
5
, Emmanuel Rinnert
5
, Benoît Loubrieu
5
, Delphine Pierre
5
, Mathilde Pitel-Roudaut
5
, Nina Tanguy
5
, Yves Fouquet
5
, Stephan J Jorry
5
, Elodie Lebas
2
, Fabien Paquet
6
, Isabelle Thinon
6
1
IPG Paris -
Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
( 300354 )
- 1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris
- France
2
IPGP (UMR_7154) -
Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
( 1005035 )
- 1 rue Jussieu, 75238 Paris cedex 05 et Bât. Lamarck A case postale 7011, 75205 Paris CEDEX 13
- France
3
LGENS -
Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS
( 1308 )
- 24 Rue Lhomond 75231 PARIS CEDEX 05
- France
4
LMV -
Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans
( 1063727 )
- Campus Universitaire des Cézeaux, 6 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubière Cedex
- France
5
GEO-OCEAN -
Geo-Ocean
( 1083595 )
- Geo-Ocean - UMR6538 - Place Nicolas Copernic - 29280 PLOUZANE
- France
6
BRGM -
Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières
( 18404 )
- regroupe le site d'Orléans et l'ensemble des Directions régionales sous une seule et même affiliation. Ne pas décliner de sous-structures locales
- France
|
Licence |
Paternité
|
Langue du document |
Anglais
|
Nom de la revue |
|
Volume |
354
|
Numéro |
S2
|
Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Comité de lecture |
Oui
|
Audience |
Internationale
|
Date de production/écriture |
2022-12-19
|
Page/Identifiant |
81 - 104
|
Date de publication |
2023-01-17
|
Domaine(s) |
|
Mots-clés |
en
Mayotte, Submarine volcanism, Geological mapping, High-resolution bathymetry, In-situ imagery
|
DOI | 10.5802/crgeos.175 |
Fichier principal
Puzenat volcano-tectonic Mayotte iupper submarine slope 2022 CRGEOS_2022__354_S2_81_0.pdf ( 10.91 Mo
)
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