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Pré-publication, Document de travail (Preprint/Prepublication) Année : 2021

HIV-1 hijacks the cell extracellular matrix to spread collectively and efficiently between T lymphocytes

F. Tangy

Résumé

ABSTRACT Collective transmission via structures containing several virions has recently emerged as a highly efficient mode of viral spread. Here, we demonstrate that HIV-1 spreads between T lymphocytes in the form of viral particles colonies that are concentrated and sheltered in an extracellular matrix (ECM) lattice enabling their collective transmission upon cell contacts. Intrinsically, ECM-clustered viruses infect T lymphocytes more efficiently than individual viral particles. They preserve HIV-1 transmission from antiretroviral treatment (ArT) and potent broadly neutralizing antibodies. We also show that collagen induced by HIV-1 infection controls the clustering of virions and their collective spread, thereby enhancing infectivity. CD4+ T cells from HIV-1-infected patients produce and transmit ECM-virus clusters, supporting that they could be involved in vivo . This study provides new insights into modes of HIV-1 transmission and identifies a novel fundamental role for collagen in this process. HIV-1 spread via ECM-virus clusters may have important implications for viral dissemination and persistence, including during therapy.
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pasteur-04121704, version 1 (08-06-2023)

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Copyright (Tous droits réservés)

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C. Inizan, M. Caillet, A. Desrames, A. David, Perrine Bomme, et al.. HIV-1 hijacks the cell extracellular matrix to spread collectively and efficiently between T lymphocytes. 2021. ⟨pasteur-04121704⟩
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